INTRODUCTION:

Vital use of smartphone usage in the 21st century has a severe impact of day to day life; every single work around us influences it. The technological development has its path of boon and bane in the usage. The technological progress has made people more reliable to access it. Human resources have reduced drastically with the replacement of technology.¹ Notable; communication development has diminished the face-to-face communication.

The emergence of smartphone and its usage has rule the world, it has replaced one single Gazette, like contact diary, remainder book, alarm, noted maintainer, calendar, clock, radio and mainly, family. The impacts of communication with family are the critical factors for the mental illness.²

Predominantly, smartphone addiction impacts an individual’s sleep cycle. The sleep is the basic requirement for the human body as suggested by the medical practitioners at least six hours deep sleep is mandatory for an individual’s daily cycle. General perception that when one would have mentally disturbed with emotional swings that affect one’s mental health. People are giving more importance to physical health than mental health which causes unhealthier. The emotional wellbeing makes them be the right person to the society, and it helps them to gain happy people around them.³ Though this area is much interesting to research and handle, the smartphone is a necessary technological tool in this decade. The researcher has outlined this research with two different types like ethnographic research and also by having a personal conversation with various people and analyzing their issues faced due to smartphone usage. The discussion will involve the duration of usage, the purpose of usage, sleep cycle and emotional imbalance. And on the other hand as ethnographic research.⁴

Background of the Study:

The process of data collection was carried out in various ways. First, to figure out the core of the research, several articles were taken as a basis for the study. The reports have different information regarding the same topic in different angles. The researcher has referred to articles related to it. Most of the articles done for various purposes. The articles have reviewed only from students, scholars, professors, doctorate scholars. These secondary data are collected in a processed way and analyzed.⁵

The researcher has focused on this issue based on the secondary data and which outlined the psychological problems of people at present. Also, this has to be considered a significant effect to focus in the field of humanities studies. The emotional health is equally important to physical health; People unaware due to unfocused. The sleep disorder has caused by smartphone addiction. The radiation emitted from the mobile phone is more dangerous to one’s body. The blue light emitted would make the one stay awake for a long time. Even the usage of the eye protection option of the mobile phone reduces the blue light but not removes it, when an individual uses the mobile phone in the dark it would be more bright even than the automatic setup. It is due to the technology used by the mobile phone companies to make the consumer to access the object more often and also more frequently. It will tempt the individual to use the mobile more, and even the brain induces them to reduce the level of sleep to consume the social life overtake their health.⁶

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:

· To find out the sleep cycle changes due to the addiction mobile phone usage

· To analyze the sleep cycle changes with emotional imbalance due to the impact of mobile phone usage

· To observe the cause of sleep cycle changes by radiation emitted from the mobile phone

· To analyze the effects of blue light from the mobile phone

The life of an individual becomes unhealthier after the influence of the technology. The technology can be a boon but not in all ways. It’s a bane when it comes to over-consumption of it. According to be not all the information is needed to be easily accessible. Some must hold some restrictions, and it is available, but also they always have a leash way to escape from it. As all the information is user-generated on the internet, it is not still a simple proof set for anything. A proper remedy of it could have given if the procedure processed at the appropriate way to find the core of the problem. Analyzing individual habits leads the researcher to figure out the core reason behind all of the issues. When the psychological issues found it is easy to sort it out and see the remedies of the problems happening. The sleep disorder is the core reason for all the problems. There is no perfect proof set for the reason behind the sleep disorder. The dependency of REM (Random eye movement) is more important for sleep.⁷

Review of literature:

Mobile phones are highly accessible device around the world because the device hasn't wire connection to access, which demanded the wireless communication worldwide. It requires the electromagnetic radiation for transferring the data, which purposes network and also sound data. The mobile phone devices emit harmful radiations that impact human health because such type of emissions spread everywhere and their existence cannot be felt. The radiations also penetrate in the human body, and they affect the cell structure and the DNA.⁸ Even, the radiation purpose for connecting the mobile phone devices one another and have the different radiation levels that have different frequency and wavelength, the high ranges usually starts 3 kHz to 300 GHz. There are several cases of mobile phones such as cell phones, tablet PC, wireless hand free, Bluetooth devices, laptop, audio player connected to the wireless router, cell telephone tower, wireless router (Wi-Fi). The mentioned devices emit harmful radiations that can contribute many dangerous diseases such as Brain Tumor, Male Infertility, and Ear Hearing Impairment, impact on the fetus, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, asthma, Heart trouble, insomnia, high blood pressure, congenital disabilities, Immune system, and rheumatoid arthritis.⁹

Radiations had causes of many diseases and it symptoms: Headache, sleep disruption, tiredness, and DNA damage could have also happened because of wireless radiation.⁹ The study has directed with the assistance of doctors, which has the results of most affected disease caused by mobile phone addiction such as Brain Tumor 74%, Male Infertility 37%, Heart disease 45%, and Effect on fetus 21%, Ear Hearing Function 80%, Alzheimer's disease11% and Parkinson’s disease 3%. ¹⁰

Disease introduction:

Male infertility:

The reproduction is part of human’ natural life. However, having a child is not based on contriving it based on health. Mainly the infertility is a common problem in the world drastically increases due to various causes. Male infertility affects the production count of sperm and the transfer process. The infertility problems are sperm motility, sperm count, sperm morphology, sperm functions, impaired Leydig cell, Sertoli cell, sperm abnormality, lack of sperm reproduction, a chronic health problem. The male infertility is because of testicular impairment resulting in the testicles not producing the sperm cells; the sterility of man includes the imbalance of hormone, behavioural problem and psychological troubles. The negative impacts on male fertility are smoking, use of drugs, alcohol abuse, tight underwear, radiation exposure, pesticides, paint, lead, and radioactive.¹¹

Brain tumor:

The atypical cells develop and they generate a flock which is called the primary neoplasm. It comes with the route of several cells, which make up the brain, CNS (Central Nervous System). There is quite a lot of case tumours which affects the brain such as gliomas tumours and astrocytic. Further, two types of Tumor affects brain: Malignant Tumor (Cancerous Tumor): A malignant tumour is either primary or secondary cancerous tumour. It starts in the mind. The primary malignant brain tumour is speedy increasing tumour than the secondary malignant brain tumour where immediate action is essential for primary malignant tumours because it can open speedily and damages the spinal cord and other regions of the head.¹²

A benign tumour (a Non-cancerous tumour): a Noncancerous cyst means that reside in one spot and not affect the other area of the head or body. This brain tumour is growing very slowly. The treatment can cure it. A brain tumour could come up at any age, and the cause of this tumour has still in research. Moreover, the symptoms of various brain neoplasms are a headache, seizures, memory trouble, mood changes, difficulty walking, hearing, visual sensation, vomiting and nausea. A brain tumour divided into two grading which are:

Low-grade tumours:

It means brain tumour’s grade one or two that are growing slowly and facing pages. These contain malignant cells freely, that means to hold in the one place and do not take on the other body sections and areas of the head. The level 2 is glamorous that will arise after the discussion.¹²

High-grade tumours:

It means brain tumour’s grade three or four that is either primary or secondary tumours. Further, immediate treatment needed in the case of high-grade brain tumours; it can spread rapidly and damages the spinal cord and other parts of the head. The discussion of secondary brain tumours will vary according to the type of a tumour like (breast, lung, etc.).

Ear hearing function: High sound or noisy disturbance may cause hearing problems according to the age. Listening to music with high bulk is a significant reason for a hearing problem. The sorting of audible range loss can be sensory, conductive, neural, mixed hearing loss. The hearing loss may be a single spike or bilateral. That point has Deafness, Hard of hearing, Hearing Impaired, Residual hearing.¹³

Sensory:

Loss range from minor to deep which affects the frequencies.

Conduct:

Conductive loss of hearing affects hearing frequencies.

Neural:

Damage of central nervous system (CNS).

Mixed:

This hearing loss occurs in both ears outer/middle and inside of the auricle.

The impact of sleep cycle on mental health:

· Anxiety may cause thoughts to race through your brainpower, making it hard to sleep.¹⁴

· Depression and seasonal affective disorder (SAD) may lead to oversleeping–either sleeping late or sleeping during the day. If you experience complicated or disturbing thoughts as part of depression, this can also cause insomnia.¹⁵

· Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may cause nightmares, troubling your sleep. And feel anxious about falling asleep, which could lead to insomnia.

· Paranoia and psychosis may create sleeping problems. You may perceive sound or see things that you find frightening, or experience distressing thoughts, which make it rigid to fall asleep.

· Mania frequently causes feelings of energy, so you might not feel tired or want to sleep. Racing thoughts caused by mania can make it hard to fall asleep and may cause insomnia.

· Psychiatric medication may cause side effects including sleeplessness, disturbed sleep or oversleeping. You may also experience sleep problems after you stop taking psychiatric drugs.¹⁶

Mobile phone radiation called electromagnetic radiation which is bad for the human brain.

In 2011, International Agency for Research on Cancer convened a global panel of experts concluded that exposure to RF radiation used by cell phones are possibly carcinogenic to humans. The committee analyzed existing scientific papers and found that even though data was limited, epidemiological studies had shown increased risks of 40–200 percent for gliomas and acoustic neuromas (benign tumours of the auditory nerve) among long term cellphone users.¹⁶

ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS:

Based on the secondary data the researcher has kept track of all the samples the researcher has taken 50 respondents as a sample for this study. The study has analyzed their sleep cycle, activities on the mobile phone, emotional imbalance. The eyesight issue was on another hand like 29 out of 30 was using spectacle and 15 of them used it only after their smartphone usage. On another hand each one of them was facing addiction to smartphone usage like for social media, games, chatting and so on.¹⁷

The ethnographic research where the researcher applied and found changing behaviours after 40 days of samples. The study found that concentration issues as the first phase and the second phase are the impact of the blue light of the mobile phone. The respondents had a deep sleep when they stopped using mobile phone 2 hours before sleep when the respondents used the mobile phone until the last second of closing eyes which figured out sleeping problems.¹⁸

Profound sleep results in critical physical and psychological processes are carried out. Standard, sleep is significant for brain performance, emotional wellbeing, physical health, daytime performance and individual safety. A report states that adults need at least seven to eight hours of sleep every night to well rest. Lack of sleep is general and can have severe impacts on your health and wellbeing. To restore your sleep balance, you need at least two nights in a row of unrestricted good quality sleep.¹⁹

Managing your health temperature and energy use (metabolism) which is led by a good sleep. It may develop your immune system working nature, controlling your brain functioning, restoring your memory and keeping your heart and blood vessels healthy. Regulating your craving and gaining weight and controlling your blood glucose levels. Sleep plays a crucial role in excellent health and wellbeing throughout your life. Getting sufficient class sleep at the right times can help protect your physical health, mental health, quality of life, and safety. The way you feel while you are awake depends in part on what happens while you are sleeping. At the time of sleep, your health is working to support healthy brain function and maintain your physical health. In children and teens, sleep also helps support growth and development.²⁰

CONCLUSION:

This researcher has concluded that the influence of technology has overtaken our lifestyle. And people are more concern about their physical health than mental health. The technology consumes the life of the people. It absorbs the healthy connection between the individuals. The scale of once health change due to the use of this technology is 3.24/5 according to the research. The level of communication has reduced when people meet in person as they are all pretty busy using mobile phones. Even though the development of technology is a boon but the conception of something leads to a drastic change in one’s life. It is all about the way we people use it.

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Received on 29.01.2019 Modified on 02.03.2019

Res. J. Humanities and Social Sciences. 2019; 10(2):661-664.

DOI: 10.5958/2321-5828.2019.00107.4